CHARTERS & TREATIES

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Adopted and offered for signature, ratification and accession under the General Assembly resolution
To the United Nations 2,200,000 (D-21) of December 16, 1966
Entry into force: January 3, 1976, in accordance with Article 27

Preamble

The States Parties to this Covenant,
Considering that recognition of the inherent dignity of all members of the human family and of equal and stable rights, in accordance with the principles proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations, constitutes the basis of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Recognizing that these rights stem from the inherent dignity of the human being,
Realizing that the only way to achieve the ideal that, in accordance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, for human beings to be free and free from fear and want is to create the conditions necessary to enable every person to enjoy his economic, social and cultural rights, as well as his civil and political rights,
Bearing in mind the obligation of States under the Charter of the United Nations to promote universal respect for and observance of human rights and freedoms,
Realizing that the individual, who has duties to other individuals and to the community to which he belongs, has a responsibility to strive for the promotion and observance of the rights recognized in the present Covenant,
Have agreed on the following articles:

part One
Article 1

1. All peoples have the right to self-determination, and according to this right they are free to determine their political status and free to strive for their economic, social and cultural development.
2. All peoples, in pursuit of their own goals, may freely dispose of their wealth and natural resources without prejudice to any obligations stemming from the requirements of international economic cooperation based on the principle of mutual benefit and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence.
3. The states parties to the present covenant, including states that bear the responsibility for administering the Non-Self-Governing Territories and the Trust Territories, shall work towards the realization of the right to self-determination and respect this right, in accordance with the provisions of the United Nations Charter.

part two
Article 2

1. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take, individually and through international assistance and cooperation, particularly on the economic and technical levels, and to the maximum of its available resources, the necessary steps to ensure the progressive effective enjoyment of the rights recognized in the present Covenant, in compliance with This includes all appropriate means, and in particular the way of adopting legislative measures.
2. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to ensure that the exercise of the rights stipulated in this Covenant is innocent of any discrimination on the grounds of race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, or national or social origin. Or wealth, or lineage, or other reasons.
3. Developing countries may decide, with due regard to human rights and their national economy, to what extent they will guarantee the economic rights recognized in this Covenant for non-citizens.

Article 3

The States Parties to this Covenant undertake to guarantee the equality of males and females in the right to enjoy all the economic, social and cultural rights stipulated in this covenant.

Article 4

The states parties to the present covenant acknowledge that the state shall not subject the enjoyment of the rights it guarantees in accordance with this covenant except to the limits established by law, and only to the extent that this is compatible with the nature of these rights, and provided that its sole aim is to promote the general welfare in a democratic society.

Article 5

1. There is no provision in this covenant that may be interpreted in a manner that implies any right of any state, group or person to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at undermining any of the rights or freedoms recognized in this covenant or to impose restrictions on them more broadly than Those stipulated therein.
2. It is not acceptable to impose any restriction or any restriction on any of the basic human rights recognized or enforced in any country in application of laws, agreements, regulations or customs, under the pretext that this covenant does not recognize them or that its recognition of them is of the narrowest extent.

the third part
Article 6

1. The states parties to the present Covenant recognize the right to work, which includes the right of every person to be able to earn his livelihood by work that he freely chooses or accepts, and they take appropriate measures to safeguard this right.
2. The measures taken by each of the states parties to the present covenant to secure the full exercise of this right must include the provision of technical and professional orientation and training programs, and the introduction in this field of policies and techniques that would achieve progressive economic, social and cultural development and full and productive employment under conditions that guarantee individual freedoms. Basic political and economic.

Article 7

The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of every person to enjoy just and favorable conditions of work that ensure, in particular:
(A) Remuneration which provides all workers, as a minimum, with:
(1) A fair wage and equal remuneration when the value of the work is equal without any discrimination, provided that women are guaranteed especially that they enjoy working conditions that are not inferior to those enjoyed by men, and that they receive a wage equal to a man’s wage upon equal work.
(2) A decent living for them and their families in accordance with the provisions of this covenant,
(B) Working conditions guaranteeing safety and health,
(C) Everyone has equal opportunities for promotion, within their employment, to an appropriate higher level, subject to no considerations other than those of seniority and competence,
(D) Rest and leisure time, reasonable limitation of working hours, periodical holidays with pay, as well as remuneration for official holidays.

Article 8

1. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to ensure that:
(A) The right of every person to form trade unions jointly with others and to join the trade union of his choice, without restricting other than the rules of the organization concerned, with the aim of promoting and protecting his economic and social interests. The exercise of this right shall not be subject to any restrictions other than those provided for by law and which constitute necessary measures, in a democratic society, to maintain national security or public order or to protect the rights and freedoms of others
(B) The right of trade unions to establish federations or national alliances, and the right of these federations to form or join international trade union organizations,
(C) The right of trade unions to freely carry out their activities, without restrictions other than those stipulated by law, and constitute necessary measures, in a democratic society, to maintain national security or public order or to protect the rights and freedoms of others.
(D) The right to strike, provided that it is exercised in accordance with the laws of the country concerned.
2. This article does not prevent members of the armed forces, policemen, or government department employees from subjecting them to legal restrictions on their exercise of these rights.
3. Nothing in this article authorizes states parties to the 1948 International Labor Organization Convention on Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize to take legislative measures that would, or apply the law in a way that would, violate the guarantees stipulated in that convention.

Article 9

The states parties to the present covenant recognize the right of everyone to social security, including social insurance.

Article 10

The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize that:
1. The family, which constitutes the natural and basic group unit in society, should be granted the greatest possible amount of protection and assistance, especially for the formation of this family and throughout its fulfillment of the responsibility of undertaking and raising the children it supports. The marriage must take place with the consent of the parties to be married, without coercion.
2. The necessity to provide special protection for mothers during a reasonable period before and after childbirth. Working mothers, during the said period, should be granted or paid leave with adequate social security benefits.
3. Special measures of protection and assistance should be taken on behalf of all children and adolescents, without any discrimination for reasons of parentage or other conditions. Children and adolescents must be protected from economic and social exploitation. The law must also make it punishable for their use in any act that corrupts their morals, harms their health, endangers their lives, or harms their normal development. Countries should also impose minimum age limits. The law prohibits and is punishable from hiring young people who have not reached them in paid work.

Article 11

1. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of every person to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, which meets their needs in terms of food, clothing and shelter, and his right to a continuous improvement of his living conditions. The State Parties undertake to take the necessary measures to implement this right, recognizing in this regard the essential importance of international cooperation based on free consent.
2. In recognition of the fundamental right of every human being to be free from hunger, the States Parties to the present Covenant shall, by their individual effort and through international cooperation, take measures that include concrete specific programs necessary for the following:
(A) Improving methods of production, preservation and distribution of foodstuffs, by making full use of technical and scientific knowledge, disseminating knowledge of the principles of nutrition, and developing or reforming agricultural land distribution systems in a manner that ensures the best development and utilization of natural resources,
(B) Ensuring a fair distribution of global food resources in light of needs, taking into account the problems faced by both food importing and exporting countries.

Article 12

1. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
2. The measures that the States Parties to the present Covenant must take to ensure the full exercise of this right include those measures necessary for:
(A) Work to reduce the infant mortality rate and infant mortality rate, and ensure the healthy growth of the child,
(B) To improve all aspects of environmental and industrial health,
(C) Prevention, treatment and control of epidemic, endemic, occupational and other diseases,
(D) Creating conditions that would secure medical services and medical care for all in case of illness.

Article 13

1. The states parties to the present covenant recognize the right of everyone to education. They agree that education should be directed to the full development of the human personality and the sense of its dignity, and to consolidate respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. They also agree that education should be targeted to enable every person to play a beneficial role in a free society, and to strengthen the bonds of understanding, tolerance and friendship between all nations and the various ethnic, ethnic or religious groups, and to support the activities undertaken by the United Nations in order to maintain peace.
2. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize that ensuring the full exercise of this right requires:
(A) To make primary education compulsory and freely available to all,
(B) To universalize secondary education in its various forms, including secondary technical and vocational education, and to make it available to all by all appropriate means, especially by gradually introducing free education,
(C) Make higher education equally accessible to all, on the basis of capacity, by all appropriate means, and in particular by gradually introducing free education,
(D) Encouraging or intensifying basic education, to the greatest extent possible, for the sake of persons who have not received or have not completed primary school,
(E) Actively developing a school network at all levels, establishing a fit-for-purpose grant system, and continuing to improve the material conditions of teaching personnel.
3. The states parties to this covenant undertake to respect the freedom of parents, or guardians when they are there, to choose schools for their children other than public schools, provided that the selected schools adhere to the minimum educational standards that may be imposed or approved by the state, and to ensure the religious and moral education of these children according to their own convictions.
4. Nothing in any of the provisions of this article may be interpreted in a way that affects the freedom of individuals and bodies to establish and manage educational institutions, provided that the principles stipulated in Paragraph 1 of this Article are always adhered to and subject to the subjection of the education provided by these institutions to the standards that the state may impose. Donia.

Article 14

Each State Party to the present Covenant, which has not yet become a party to it, has been able to secure compulsory and free primary education in its own country or in other territories under its jurisdiction, undertakes, within two years, to develop and adopt a detailed action plan for the actual and progressive implementation of the principle of compulsory education And free of charge for everyone, within a reasonable number of years, is specified in the plan.

Article 15

1. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize that everyone has the right to:
(A) To participate in cultural life,
(B) To enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications,
(C) To benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, artistic or literary effect of his own making.
2. The States Parties to the present Covenant take into account, in the measures they will take with a view to ensuring the full exercise of this right, to include those measures that are required for the preservation, development and diffusion of science and culture.
3. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to respect the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activity.
4. The States Parties to the present Covenant recognize the benefits to be derived from the encouragement and development of international contact and cooperation in the scientific and cultural fields.

part Four
Article 16

1. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to submit, in accordance with the provisions of this part of the Covenant, reports on the measures which they have adopted and on the progress made towards ensuring respect for the rights recognized herein.
2. (a) All reports shall be directed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who shall transmit copies of them to the Economic and Social Council for consideration in accordance with the provisions of this Covenant,
(B) The Secretary-General of the United Nations also, when the report received from a state party to this covenant, or a part or more of it, relates to any matter that falls within the competence of a specialized agency in accordance with its founding instrument and the said state party is a member of this agency, to refer To that agency a copy of this report or its part related to that matter, as the case may be.

Article 17

1. The states parties to the present covenant shall submit their reports in stages, in accordance with a program established by the Economic and Social Council within one year of the entry into force of this covenant, after consultations with the states parties and the specialized agencies concerned.
2. The state should indicate in its report the factors and difficulties that prevent it from fully fulfilling the obligations stipulated in this covenant.
3. When the State Party to the present Covenant has previously sent the appropriate information to the United Nations or to one of the specialized agencies, the need for repetition of this information is no longer necessary, and an accurate reference to the aforementioned information suffices.

Article 18

The Economic and Social Council, in accordance with the responsibilities entrusted to it by the Charter of the United Nations in the field of human rights and fundamental freedoms, may enter into with the specialized agencies the necessary arrangements to provide it with reports on the progress made in securing compliance with the provisions of this Covenant falling within the scope of their activities. These reports provide details on the decisions and recommendations adopted by the competent organs of these agencies regarding this compliance.

Article 19

The Economic and Social Council may refer to the Commission on Human Rights the reports on human rights submitted by states pursuant to Articles 16 and 17 and by the specialized agencies pursuant to Article 18, to study them and make a general recommendation in their regard or to inform them of them when necessary.

Article 20

The states parties to the present Covenant and the specialized agencies concerned may submit to the Economic and Social Council observations on any general recommendation made by the Commission on Human Rights under Article 19 or any indication of a general recommendation contained in any report of the Commission on Human Rights or in any document containing a reference to it.

Article 21

The Economic and Social Council may present to the General Assembly from time to time reports containing recommendations of a general nature and a summary of the information received from the states parties to the present Covenant and from the specialized agencies on the measures taken and the progress made in ensuring the universal observance of the rights recognized in this covenant.

Article 22

The Economic and Social Council brings to the attention of other United Nations bodies and their subsidiary bodies, and the specialized agencies concerned with providing technical assistance, any issues that arise from the reports referred to in this part of this covenant. These bodies may help each in their respective fields of competence to form an opinion on the appropriateness of taking measures An international treaty would help effectively implement the progressive implementation of this covenant.

Article 23

The states parties to the present covenant agree that international measures aimed at ensuring the implementation of the rights recognized in this covenant include concluding agreements, adopting recommendations, providing technical assistance, and holding regional and technical meetings for the purpose of consultation and study, organized jointly with the governments concerned.

Article 24

Nothing in any of the provisions of this covenant may be interpreted in a manner indicating that it infringes upon the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and the provisions of the constitutions of the specialized agencies that define the responsibilities of the various United Nations bodies and the specialized agencies in relation to the matters covered by this Covenant.

Article 25

Nothing in any of the provisions of this covenant may be interpreted in a manner indicating that it affects the inherent right of all peoples to the freedom to enjoy and fully benefit from their wealth and natural resources.

Part V
Article 26

1. This covenant is open for signature by any member state of the United Nations or a member of any of its specialized agencies, any state party to the statute of the International Court of Justice, and any other state called by the United Nations General Assembly to become a party to this covenant.
2. This covenant is subject to ratification. Instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
3. Accession to this covenant is open to any of the states referred to in paragraph 1 of this article.
4. Accession takes place by depositing an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
5. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all states that have signed or acceded to this covenant of depositing each of the instruments of ratification or accession.

Article 27

1. This covenant shall enter into force three months after the date on which the thirty-fifth instrument of accession or ratification is deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
2. As for the states that ratify this covenant or accede to it after the thirty-fifth instrument of ratification or accession has been deposited, this covenant enters into force for each of them three months after the date on which they deposited their instrument of ratification or their instrument of accession.

Article 28

The provisions of this covenant apply, without any limitation or exception, to all units that make up the federal states.

Article 29

1. Any state party to this covenant may propose an amendment to it, the text of which shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. As a result, the Secretary-General informs the States Parties to the present Covenant of any proposed amendments, requesting them to inform him of whether they favor holding a conference of States Parties to consider these proposals and vote on them. If at least one third of the states parties favor holding the conference, the Secretary-General convenes it under the auspices of the United Nations. Any amendment adopted by a majority of the States Parties present and voting at the conference shall be submitted to the United Nations General Assembly for approval.
2. Amendments shall enter into force when approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations and accepted by a two-thirds majority of the states parties to this covenant, in accordance with the constitutional procedures of each of them.
3. When these amendments enter into force, they become binding on the states parties that have accepted them, while other states parties remain bound by the provisions of this covenant and any previous amendment that they have accepted.

Article 30

Notwithstanding the notifications made pursuant to paragraph 5 of Article 26, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all the states referred to in paragraph 1 of the said Article of the following:
(A) Signatures, ratifications and accessions made in accordance with Article 26,
(B) The date of entry into force of this covenant under Article 27, and the date of entry into force of any amendments made under Article 29.

Article 31

1. This covenant, the texts of which are equally authentic, in the Spanish, English, Russian, Chinese and French texts, shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.
2. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall send certified copies of this covenant to all the states referred to in article 26.

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