human rights

Human Rights Report in the Arab Region 2018

Human Rights Report in the Arab Region 2018

 

Out of its belief in the importance of the role of various international mechanisms in promoting world peace and putting an end to human rights violations, Maat Foundation for Peace, Development and Human Rights publishes the Arab report that focuses on human rights issues from the perspective of these international mechanisms. The report methodology is based on monitoring and analyzing the features of the relationship between The Arab countries, these mechanisms, and how the two sides interact with each other regarding issues of human rights and sustainable development in the Arab world during 2018

As this report deals with the position of Arab countries on international human rights mechanisms to find out to what extent these countries have committed themselves to fulfilling the pledges they have voluntarily made in order to improve the human rights record, and what is the nature of these mechanisms ’interest in human rights issues in the region. The report also dedicates a special section dealing with By analyzing the most important achievements towards achieving the sustainable development goals in the Arab countries during 2018, the report also paid special attention to the human rights situation under occupation or under armed conflicts, and finally the report also includes an objective section on the impact of terrorism on the human rights situation in the region. Arabic .

The report indicated that The Human Rights Council adopted, during its sessions held in 2018, 15 resolutions related to Arab issues, including 5 resolutions related to the occupied Arab territories in Palestine and the Golan Heights that clearly condemn Israeli practices in these areas, and four resolutions related to Syria dealing with the practices of the Syrian regime and some extremist groups Supported by other countries, two decisions regarding Yemen, and one decision for each of Libya, Sudan, and Somalia, all related to technical support, in addition to a decision that Egypt submitted with its project to highlight the impact of terrorism on human rights and to carry an explicit call to refrain from providing support to entities or persons involved in terrorist acts, Including support in creating hate propaganda platforms.

With regard to treaty committees, during the year 2018, Iraq submitted its seventh periodic report to the “Committee for the Elimination of Discrimination against Women” focusing on the crimes committed by ISIS in Iraq since June 9, 2014. Lebanon By submitting its report in response to the four priority recommendations addressed to it by the "Committee against Torture", in which it referred to the Lebanese legislator's approval on 20 September 2017 of Law No. 65 relating to the punishment of torture and other cruel, inhuman or professional treatment or punishment, as defined The crime of torture is consistent with the provisions of Article 1 of the Convention Against Torture, which was quoted almost verbatim in Article 1 of the law,

In the same year, Lebanon presented its report to the "Committee on Racial Discrimination", which dealt with the latest developments in the field of eliminating racial discrimination in Lebanon during the period from 2016 to 2018.

As it did Qatar By submitting its second periodic report to the “Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women”, on January 31, 2018, according to the report, Qatar stated that there are 4 Qatari women who were appointed for the first time to the Majlis al-Majl al-Shura, with regard to compliance with recommendations related to nationality, although the law The Qatari woman did not equate men and women with regard to granting nationality to children. However, he distinguished the children of Qatari women by giving them priority in acquiring Qatari nationality by naturalization.

In the same context, human rights organizations have emerged, By submitting a parallel report to the committee, in which it indicated that Qatari law does not prohibit all forms of corporal punishment of children, and hoped that the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women would raise the issue of violent punishment for girls and boys when it studies the State of Qatar, while ensuring that no form is condoned. Violence in the family.

   The organizations also indicated that discriminatory laws and traditional stereotypes regarding the role of Qatari women are still in effect, which they consider to be second only to men. They also expressed their concern about the absence of women in political life, as well as their concern about the issue of nationality and the large number of children born from A Qatari mother and a foreign father, and the greater concern over the withdrawal of the nationalities of the Al-Ghufran tribe, and each time from the women, their spouses and children, their number is estimated in a thousand, due to the political position of these Arab tribes.

During this year she carried out Bahrain Responding to a recommendation it had received during its discussion of the second and third periodic reports submitted to the "Committee against Torture" in April 2017, regarding providing information on the follow-up to the implementation of the Committee's recommendations regarding the moratorium on the application of the death penalty, and the regular visits that should be carried out by independent monitoring bodies, Including international bodies, and the expected visits from the human rights mechanisms of the United Nations referred to in paragraphs 13 (a), 23 (d), and 41. On the other hand, human rights organizations reported that Bahrain failed to implement recommendations 13 (a) and 41, and it succeeded in implementing Recommendation No. 23 (d).

Also during this year, Bahrain submitted its fourth report to the “Committee for the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women”, in which Bahrain reviewed the reality of the rights and progress of Bahraini women, and how Bahraini women went beyond the traditional stages of empowerment and gaining rights, and became a major partner in development in all its dimensions. Their participation in the work force and economic, social and cultural activity.

    On the other hand, some human rights organizations presented a parallel report in which they recommended prohibiting all forms of violent punishment for children and enacting legislation that clearly prohibits all corporal punishment of girls and boys, and indicated that Bahraini law does not prohibit corporal punishment that causes direct or indirect harm to children.

Also made a state Palestine Its report before the Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the report stated that, more than seventy years after the Nakba, statistics indicate that the percentage of Palestinian refugees has reached slightly more than half the number of Palestinians in the world, and this percentage is almost equal to the Palestinian presence in Palestinian land.

The report emphasized that Israel, the occupying Power, practices all forms of racial discrimination in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, especially East Jerusalem, as all forms of discrimination and exclusion are practiced against the Palestinians on a racial basis for their political, civil, social and economic rights. The siege imposed on the Gaza Strip is also a main focus of Israel's illegal practices, through which it exercises its racial exclusion and siege of two million Palestinian people living in the Strip.

It is worth noting that Maat for Peace, Development and Human Association She participated in the work of the 97th session of the Committee on Racial Discrimination, which was held during the period from 26 to 30 November 2018, and provided two oral inputs to the meeting of non-governmental organizations with members of the committee consisting of 18 experts around the world. Maat also presented an oral intervention to the committee regarding the state QatarIn it, she sheds light on all forms of racial discrimination against women and domestic workers, as well as the Al-Ghufran tribe, most of whose members have been displaced and stripped of their Qatari nationality, in addition to discrimination against migrant workers. The Foundation also participated in an intervention on a country IraqIn it, it dealt with cases of racial discrimination suffered by some groups in Iraq, such as the Roma, who suffer from social exclusion and marginalization, in addition to discrimination against minorities, especially in the election law, and the intervention shed light on the discriminatory practices carried out by ISIS.

With regard to special rapporteurs and mandate-holders, the year 2018 witnessed 67 urgent appeals to Arab countries, at the level of the universal periodic review, and during 2018 the human rights record of a number of Arab countries was subject to review. The United Arab Emirates Its third national report, which was adopted on June 29, 2018, during the 38th session of the Human Rights Council, has received the Emirates   230 recommendations, 132 recommendations were supported, and 98 recommendations were taken note.

In May 2018 the state succumbed Djibouti Of the mechanism, as it received 203 recommendations, accepted 177 recommendations and reservations 26 recommendations.

And on November 25, 2018, she underwent Saudi Arabia On August 20, 2018, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was subject to the UPR mechanism for the third time, as it reviewed its third national report that it submitted to the thirty-first session.

During the year 2018, several Arab countries submitted a voluntary report on the extent to which the sustainable development goals had been achieved before the high-level political forum at the United Nations headquarters in New York during July 2018. Egypt Its second report after submitting its first report in 2016, and submitted the two seas Its first voluntary report to the high-level political forum was presented Qatar Its second voluntary report has also been submitted Saudi Arabia Its first voluntary report.

With regard to elections and democracy, during the year 2018, a group of Arab countries witnessed presidential, parliamentary or local elections, despite the difference in political systems, as presidential elections were held in Egypt, parliamentary elections in Bahrain, Lebanon, Iraq, Mauritania and Djibouti, and a constitutional referendum in the part of the moon, as well as municipal elections And local in Kuwait, Syria, Tunisia and Mauritania.

The year 2018 witnessed the continuation of political conflicts and armed conflicts in a number of Arab countries, which led to a major humanitarian tragedy, as civilians as a result of these conflicts are paying the high price of deaths, injuries, displaced persons and asylum seekers, as more than 70 million people need health assistance, including 16 One million people are displaced within their own countries, and 32 million people face food insecurity. As a result of these conflicts, grave violations of extrajudicial killings, torture, arbitrary detention, enforced disappearances and unfair show trials are widespread.

With regard to terrorism, the statistics indicate the continuing spread of the threat of terrorism and the continued support of some countries for terrorist groups, and the facts indicate that 16 Arab countries out of a total of 22 countries witnessed terrorist crimes, and the report indicated the weakness of coordination mechanisms in deterring terrorist organizations, as well as the most important terrorist organizations responsible for Spreading terror and panic in the Arab region, which adopted terrorist acts and bombings during 2018

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Human Rights in the Arab Region 2018

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